9博体育app官方入口：十大改变世界的互联网第一(下)

5.First Live Music Stream5.第一个现场音乐流A major difference between the advent of the World Wide Web and other mediums like the radio and television is that the Web didnt rely on live feeds of sound or video. Instead, the Web was essentially an update of the printing press. At first it was just text, and as technology became more sophisticated the possibility for live video arose in 1993. So what music superstar of 1993 played the first online concert? Bjork? Counting Crows? Celine Dion?万维网的来临和其他媒体如收音机、电视机仅次于的有所不同是，网站并不依赖声音或者视频的现场直播。忽略，网络基本上是一个不断更新的印刷出版社。

最初它只是文本，然后随着技术愈发高端，1993年经常出现了视频直播。那么是1993年的哪位巨星展开了第一场网络直播音乐会呢？比约克？数乌鸦合唱团？席琳迪翁？Actually, it was a little-known band called Severe Tire Damage, who played live on the Internet for the first time on June 24, 1993. STD was a rock band made up of computer technologists from Digital Equipment Corp., Xerox, Apple, and Sun, giving them inside knowledge of a technology called Multicast Backbone (M-bone). M-bone utilized voice and video and was used by the Internet Engineering Task Force. At the time, not many people saw the concert and they may not have received any recognition for their breakthrough, had it not been for The Rolling Stones. On November 22, 1994, the Stones were going to stream 20 minutes from their concert in Dallas utilizing M-bone, and the record label was promoting it as the first rock band in cyberspace. Already well versed in M-bone, STD jumped on the same stream and played before and after the Rolling Stones, a move that garnered them recognition as the first band to play live online.事实上，是一个不过于著名的乐队Severe Tire Damage于1993年6月24日展开了第一场网络直播演唱会。STD是一个由来自迪吉多电脑公司的几位计算机技术专家构成的摇滚乐队。施乐、苹果以及太阳公司给他们获取了内部科学知识，M-bone多址传播主干网。

多址传播主干网利用声音和视频，并且为互联网工程任务组所用于。当时若不是因为滚石，并没很多人去看那场音乐会，而且大约也都没意识到他们的突破。

1994年11月22日，滚石乐队想利用多址传播主干网传输20分钟他们在达拉斯市的演唱会，唱片公司宣传说道他们是网络空间的第一支乐队。早已十分通晓多址传播主干网的STD乐队就跃入同一个音乐流，在滚石乐队前后展开表演，这使人们意识到他们才是第一支展开网上现场直播的乐队。4.First Item Sold on eBay4.eBay上卖的第一件物品The story of eBay has become legendary, with its creation supposedly stemming from a programmer named Pierre Omidyar wanting to give his wife a platform to trade her Pez dispensers. Naturally, the legend is more interesting than the actual story.易贝的故事早已沦为一个传奇，据传它的创办来自于一位取名为彼埃尔·奥米迪亚的程序员，他想要给妻子获取一个交流Pez糖果盒的平台。大自然，传说总是比现实的故事要有意思得多。

In 1995, Omidyar was thinking that the web might make for a great marketplace, specifically utilizing an auction format for fair pricing on items. He launched the website AuctionWeb on September 3, 1995. The first item to sell was a broken laser pointer, which went for $14.83. Confused by someone paying for that much for a defective item, Omidyar discovered the buyer collected broken laser pointers. Where Pez comes into the story is that, at the time Omidyar launched AuctionWeb, his future wife was big into Pez and traded a lot on AuctionWeb. Omidyar thought it was interesting that collectors were so passionate about ordinary items, obviously not realizing he was about to create a billion dollar empire on that very notion.1995年，奥米迪亚想起利用公平定价拍卖会物品的方式来运营网站可能会建构一个极大的市场。1995年9月3月，拍卖网月上线。在这个平台上销售的第一件商品是一支破败的激光笔，它的售出价格是14.83美元。

奥米迪亚对有人不愿卖有缺陷的商品深感十分疑惑，后来他找到这个买家在搜集损坏的激光笔。关于Pez糖果盒的故事是这样来的，那时奥米迪亚创办了拍卖网，他未来的妻子十分着迷于Pez糖果盒，并且在拍卖会网上出售了很多该物品。

奥米迪亚实在收藏家对普通物件如此着迷是个很有意思的现象。似乎，他当时并没意识到他将要在基于此理念的基础上建构一个十亿美元的帝国。3.First Book Sold on Amazon3.亚马逊上卖的第一本书Amazon.com got its start in 1995 when founder Jeff Bezos left his position as a vice president of a Wall Street firm. He moved to Seattle and began working on his website, which he originally called Cadabra. Bezos eventually changed it to Amazon in part because Cadabra sounded too much like cadaver, but more importantly because it started with an A, meaning it would be high up on lists ordered alphabetically.1995年亚马逊网站正式成立，当时他的创立者杰夫·贝佐斯刚辞任华尔街一家公司副总裁的职位。

随后他搬了西雅图，致力于发展一个最初取名为Cadabra的网站。由于在或许上Cadabra的发音和尸体很像，贝佐斯最后把网站改名为亚马逊。

但是更加最重要的原因只不过是由于Amazon的第一个字母是A，这意味著它在字母表搜寻中会排在很靠前的方位。Amazon originally launched as an online book retailer, and the first book sold in July of 1995 was Fluid Concepts And Creative Analogies: Computer Models Of The Fundamental Mechanisms Of Thought, by Douglas Hofstadter. A computer scientist named John Wainwright purchased the book, and to thank him for his business, Amazon named a building on their campus after him. Man, all they ever do for us is offer lousy recommendations on bad movies.亚马逊最初是作为一个在线图书零售商在运营。1995年7月，这个网站售出了第一本书，是道格拉斯·侯世达的《流体的概念和创新转换：计算机模型的基本机制的思路》，被一位名为约翰·温莱特的电脑科学家出售。

为了感激温莱特对亚马逊公司的事业所做到的贡献，公司在自己的校园内以他的名字命名了一栋建筑。比起起温莱特的待遇，这个网站为我们所做到的就是引荐一些差劲的影片而已。

2.First Downloadable Music2.第一首可可供iTunes的音乐Its hard to say definitively what the first song on the Internet was, since no one really knew what relationship the web would have with music in the early 1990s. However, its widely believed that the first people to put a song online were two guys named Jeff Patterson and Rob Lord. Sometime in early 1993, they uploaded some .MP2 audio files by a punk band that Lord played in called The Ugly Mugs to a file transfer protocol (FTP) portal.很难说得确切第一首网络歌曲是什么，因为在20世纪90年代早期没有人知道告诉网络和音乐的关系不会发展成如今这样。然而，人们普遍认为第一次将音乐敲上网络的是两个叫杰夫·佩德森和罗伯·洛德的家伙。在1993年初的某一天，他们将一支取名为古怪马克杯的朋克乐队弹奏的MP2音频文件上传遍一个文件传输协议门户，洛德也是该乐队的一名成员。The Ugly Mugs mostly played in Santa Cruz, but wanted to find a wider audience. Soon after getting their own music online, they started uploading other local bands, effectively creating the Internet Underground Music Archive (IUMA). Eventually, they had over 25,000 bands and artists, and over 680,000 songs. The first Internet single released by a major label happened a little later in 1993, when Geffen Records released the single Head First by Aerosmith on the Internet in .WAV format.古怪马克杯乐队大部分是在美国加利福尼亚州圣克鲁斯演出，但是他们期望不断扩大自己的听众群体。

在将自己乐队的音乐投入到网上之后，他们迅速开始上载其它当地乐队的音乐，必要促使了因特网地下音乐档案网的创办。最后，这个网站已享有多达2.5万乐队和艺术家，多达68万首音乐。在1993年后期，网络上第一次由唱片公司公布单曲，吉芬唱片公司将史密斯飞船乐队弹奏的单曲Head First在网络上以音频文件的格式不予公布。1.First Banner Ad1.第一条横幅广告They may be the bane of your online existence, but banner ads are essential in keeping the Internet humming along, providing revenue streams for all of those free websites you scramble to delete from your browser history.横幅广告有可能是你网络上不存在的隐患，但同时它们也在维持互联网的持续工作中充分发挥着至关重要的起到。

那些你意图从网页历史中删去的免费网页，其收益来源正是由横幅广告所获取。The origin of this basic staple of the Internet and e-commerce dates back to October 27, 1994. Joe McCambley, who ran a small digital advertising company, created the first banner ad for ATT. The all-text ad – which said Have you ever clicked your mouse here? – appeared on Hotwired.com, the first digital magazine. When the user clicked on it, the link took them to a site where they could do a virtual tour of seven of the worlds top museums. The idea was to show that ATT could take you anywhere on the Internet. Its hard to believe now, but people actually loved it. Amazingly, 44 percent of Hotwireds visitors clicked the ad, and some even shared it with friends. Compare that to today, when only about 0.0004 percent of website visitors click on banner ads, and sending one to your friends is a good way to lose those friends. McCambley believes his ad was successful because it was part of a marketing strategy, it was fun, and it wasnt made with bad intentions. Unlike those discreet encounters todays banner ads keep urging you to explore.因特网和电子商务的这种主要关联起源要追溯到1994年10月27日。那时，乔·麦克坎贝尔所经营的小型数字广告公司，为美国电话电报公司制作了第一个横幅广告。

这条由全文本构成的广告你在这里页面过你的鼠标吗？经常出现在Hotwired.com网站上，这是互联网的第一本电子杂志。当用户页面该广告时，链接不会引领他们到一个网站，在这里他们可以在世界顶级的七大博物馆做到一个虚拟世界漫游。而这个广告设计理念突显了ATT公司可以率领用户在因特网游览任何一个地方。现在我们很难坚信，但是当时人们知道很讨厌这条横幅广告。

令人吃惊的是，当时44%的该网站访问者都会页面这个广告，有一些甚至还不会共享给他们的朋友。相比之下，如今只有0.0004%的网页访问者不会去页面横幅广告，而将广告共享给朋友称得上一个与朋友断绝关系的好办法。麦克坎贝尔指出他的这条广告很顺利，这不仅是营销策略的一部分，而且还很有意思，也没任何不当企图。

如今的横幅广告则仍然像过去那样抱持着慎重的态度，而是不时劝说你去加以探寻。

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